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991.
Andrea Paltrinieri Josanco Floreani Jeffrey A. Kappen Matthew C. Mitchell Kavilash Chawla 《Thunderbird国际商业评论》2019,61(5):719-733
This article extends the literature on ethical investment risks, correlations, and comovements. Through a sample of 17 Islamic, socially responsible investment (SRI), and conventional stock indices, we investigate cointegration and dynamic correlations for the period 2005–2015. We also examine these stock indices’ responses to two major economic factors, namely, oil prices and market volatility. Our results show cointegration between Islamic, SRI and conventional stock indices, and comovements with mutual causalities. During crises, dynamic correlations tend to spike; however, quite a different pattern emerges during postcrisis periods when there is more variability in conditional covariances. Finally, we provide evidence that all three types of stock indices react positively to oil price changes, but negatively to global equity market volatility, albeit with different magnitudes. Overall, investors can obtain portfolio diversification benefits through SRI and Islamic stock indices, particularly in postcrisis periods. 相似文献
992.
This paper elaborates on the general properties of medical innovation processes. It begins with a critical review of different
perspectives and methods of investigation used in various streams of research that have previously analysed technical change
in the health sector. After profiling and discussing their characteristics, the paper proposes an evolutionary approach to
change in medicine constructed around the notion of a ‘Health Innovation System’. Health innovation, it is argued, consists
of complex bundles of new medical technologies and clinical services emerging from a highly distributed competence base. Health
Innovation Systems are driven by the combination of (1) institutionally-bound interactions among agents (‘gateways’ of innovation)
and (2) history-dependent trajectories of change (‘pathways’ of innovation) whose developments emerge from and feed back into
the structure of the system through organised transfers of knowledge between research and clinical practice. After drawing
examples from recent empirical work on clinical research in specific disease areas, the paper concludes by identifying implications
for further research.
相似文献
Andrea Mina (Corresponding author)Email: |
993.
Nicoletta Corrocher Lucia Cusmano Andrea Morrison 《Journal of Evolutionary Economics》2009,19(2):173-196
The present paper investigates the sectoral variety and common patterns across different typologies of knowledge-intensive
business services (KIBS). We examine this issue by considering the case of Lombardy, a highly developed manufacturing area
the industrial activities of which are experiencing a pervasive transformation towards higher knowledge content, demanding
stronger and more pervasive support by advanced services. Drawing on an original survey-based firm-level dataset, we analyze
innovation patterns across KIBS, evaluating the explanatory power of traditional classifications of the service sector, as
well as the heterogeneity driven by firm and market specific characteristics. Our findings highlight four profiles of KIBS:
interactive innovation mode, product innovation mode, conservative innovation mode and techno-organizational innovation mode.
When examining in more depth the variables that are associated with cluster membership, we find that firm strategy is the
most significant determinant, with size, customer location, and training also playing a role in defining cluster specificities.
相似文献
Nicoletta CorrocherEmail: |
994.
Alessandro Brun Federico Caniato Maria Caridi Cecilia Castelli Giovanni Miragliotta Stefano Ronchi Andrea Sianesi Gianluca Spina 《International Journal of Production Economics》2008,114(2):554
The Italian industry of fashion goods is a business worth 67.6€ billion in 2006 (Il Sole 24ore, January 10, 2007), of which about 26€ billion is due to the luxury segment. Marketing gurus state that “consumers everywhere at every income level want more luxury” [Danziger, P.N., 2005. Let them Eat the Cake: Marketing Luxury to the Masses as well as the Classes. Dearborn Trade Publishing, Chicago]: therefore, companies should move brands towards a higher positioning and add more valuable features to products and services, but this cannot be obtained only by means of marketing efforts. Which is the role of operations and supply chain management in luxury fashion companies’ success? This paper presents the results of the exploratory stage of a research project ongoing at Politecnico di Milano and dealing with supply chain management in the luxury fashion industry. In total, 12 Italian luxury fashion retailers have been studied in order to describe the main features of operations and supply chain strategies in the luxury fashion segment and to identify their role with respect to the relevant critical success factors. 相似文献
995.
Bernardo Bortolotti Marcella Fantini Carlo Scarpa 《International Review of Finance》2002,3(2):131-161
Privatization through global equity market placement has largely contributed to financial market development and integration. Despite the relevance of the fact, the reasons underlying governments' choice to sell shares of privatized companies abroad are still poorly understood. This paper presents new evidence for a sample of 233 share issue privatizations in 20 OECD countries, showing that redistribution concerns and the objective of domestic financial market development make domestic privatization more likely. However, if budget constraints are binding, governments tend to sell abroad a larger quantity of shares, particularly when corporate governance at home is weak. 相似文献
996.
We examine the effect of introducing credit default swaps (CDSs) on firm value. Our model allows for dynamic investment and financing, and bondholders can trade in the CDS market. The model incorporates both negative and positive effects of CDSs. CDS markets lead to more liquidations, but they also reduce the probability of costly debt renegotiation and reduce costly equity financing. After calibrating the model, we find that firm value increases by 2.9% on average with the introduction of a CDS market. Firms also invest more and increase leverage. The effect on firm value is strongest for small, financially constrained, and low productivity firms. 相似文献
997.
Over the last 30 years, regulated sectors have undergone deep reforms in their institutional configuration, tools and goals. This paper reviews the impact of this evolution on energy firms’ investments. First, we survey the existing evidence on the effects of the presence of independent regulatory agencies on utilities’ investment rates in Europe in the MENA countries, and in Latin America, focussing on the role of de facto independence and the institutional framework. Second, we discuss the impact of incentive- versus rate-of-return regulation on firms’ incentives to invest and the interaction with firm private/public ownership. In this regard, we provide new econometric evidence of the recent developments of regulation, using a sample of European energy utilities tracked from 1997 to 2013. Our results confirm previous findings that investment is higher under incentive regulation than under rate of return regulation. However, differently from the earlier results, we find that investments seem to be driven more by the weighted average cost of capital than by the X-factor. The paper concludes reviewing recent evidence on service quality regulation on firm investment specifically on the impact of reward/penalty schemes on capital and operational expenditures. 相似文献
998.
Hycenth Tim Ndah Johannes Schuler Katharina Diehl Christian Bateki Stefan Sieber Andrea Knierim 《国际农业可持续发展杂志》2018,16(2):228-242
Conservation Agriculture (CA) has been widely promoted in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) as a sustainable agricultural practice, yet with debatable success. Most authors assume successful adoption, only if all three principles of CA are implemented: (1) minimum or zero tillage, (2) maintenance of a permanent soil cover, and (3) integration of crop rotations. Based on this strict definition, adoption has declined or remained stagnant. Presently, not much attention has been given to context-suited adaptation possibilities, and partial adoption has not been recognized as an entry point to full adoption. Furthermore, isolated success cases have not been analysed sufficiently. By applying the QAToCA approach based on focus group discussions complemented by semi-structured qualitative expert and farmer interviews, we assessed the reasons behind positive CA adaptation and adoption trends in Zambia. Main reasons behind Zambia’s emerging success are (1) a positive institutional influence, (2) a systematic approach towards CA promotion – encouraging a stepwise adaptation and adoption, and (3) mobilization of strong marketing dynamics around CA. These findings could help to eventually adjust or redesign CA promotion activities. We argue for a careful shift from the ‘dogmatic view’ on adoption of CA as a packaged technology, towards adapting its principles to the small-scale farming context of SSA. 相似文献
999.
Carlo Graziani Robert Rosner Jennifer M. Adams Reason L. Machete 《International Journal of Forecasting》2021,37(1):1-27
We present a scheme by which a probabilistic forecasting system whose predictions have a poor probabilistic calibration may be recalibrated through the incorporation of past performance information in order to produce a new forecasting system that is demonstrably superior to the original, inasmuch as one may use it to win wagers consistently against someone who is using the original system. The scheme utilizes Gaussian process (GP) modeling to estimate a probability distribution over the probability integral transform (PIT) of a scalar predictand. The GP density estimate gives closed-form access to information entropy measures that are associated with the estimated distribution, which allows the prediction of winnings in wagers against the base forecasting system. A separate consequence of the procedure is that the recalibrated forecast has a uniform expected PIT distribution. One distinguishing feature of the procedure is that it is appropriate even if the PIT values are not i.i.d. The recalibration scheme is formulated in a framework that exploits the deep connections among information theory, forecasting, and betting. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the scheme in two case studies: a laboratory experiment with a nonlinear circuit and seasonal forecasts of the intensity of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon. 相似文献
1000.
Social Economy encompasses a wide array of private organizations that can be situated along a continuum that ranges from civil society to the business sector, e.g., associations, foundations, cooperatives, social enterprises, social business initiatives. The social sphere populated by SE/TS organizations operates in complex and multi‐layer environments and is particularly sensitive to institutional configuration. This paper deals with the institutional policy and attitude of the EU Commission towards SE/TS organizations in the field of welfare policy. We start with an illustration of the key features of the Social Investment policy framework, that stresses the adoption of an ‘active policy’ orientation and the overriding of more traditional ‘compensatory policies’. Secondly, we analyze the regulatory eco‐system of the EU towards Social Economy in the last three decades. Thirdly, we present the main results of an European research project aimed at analyzing the ‘level of recognition’ and ‘institutionalization’ of the SE sector in ten European Countries. Then, we provide some data about the consistency of the Social Economy in EU, based on several research reports promoted by European Institutions (EESC). Finally, the main results of the analysis are summarized in order to assess the current conjuncture of the Social Economy sector in Europe. 相似文献